INHALT

Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654 of 19 December 2016 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to technical and general requirements relating to emission limits and type-approval for internal combustion engines for non-road mobile machinery

COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) 2017/654
of 19 December 2016
supplementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to technical and general requirements relating to emission limits and type-approval for internal combustion engines for non-road mobile machinery
Article 1
Definitions
Article 2
Requirements for any other specified fuels, fuel mixtures or fuel emulsions
Article 3
Arrangements with regard to conformity of production
Article 4
Methodology for adapting the emission laboratory test results to include the deterioration factors
Article 5
Requirements with regard to emission control strategies, NO
Article 6
Measurements and tests with regard to the area associated with the non-road steady-state test cycle
Article 7
Conditions and methods for the conduct of tests
Article 8
Procedures for the conduct of tests
Article 9
Procedures for emission measurement and sampling
Article 10
Apparatus for the conduct of tests and for emission measurement and sampling
Article 11
Method for data evaluation and calculations
Article 12
Technical characteristics of the reference fuels
Article 13
Detailed technical specifications and conditions for delivering an engine separately from its exhaust after-treatment system
Article 14
Detailed technical specifications and conditions for the temporary placing on the market for the purposes of field testing
Article 15
Detailed technical specifications and conditions for special purpose engines
Article 16
Acceptance of equivalent engine type-approvals
Article 17
Details of the relevant information and instructions for OEMs
Article 18
Details of the relevant information and instructions for end-users
Article 19
Performance standards and assessment of technical services
Article 20
Characteristics of the steady-state and transient test cycles
Article 21
Entry into force and application
ANNEXES
ANNEX I
1.
1.2. Requirements for a standard fuel range (diesel, petrol) engine
1.3. Requirements for a fuel-specific (ED 95 or E 85) engine
2.
2.3. Requirements for a universal fuel range engine
2.4. Requirements for a restricted fuel range engine
2.4.1. For engines fuelled with CNG and designed for operation on either the range of H-gases or on the range of L-gases
2.4.2. For engines fuelled with natural gas or LPG and designed for operation on one specific fuel composition
2.5. Requirements for a fuel-specific engine fuelled with liquefied natural gas/liquefied biomethane (LNG)
2.5.1. Fuel-specific engine fuelled with liquefied natural gas/liquefied biomethane (LNG)
2.5.2. Fuel-specific engine fuelled with Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
2.6. EU type-approval of a member of a family
2.7. Additional requirements for dual-fuel engines
Appendix 1
ANNEX II
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
6.5. Non-compliance of gaseous-fuelled engines
Appendix 1
ANNEX III
1.
2.
3.
3.1. Selection of engines for establishing emission durability period deterioration factors
3.2. Determination of emission durability period deterioration factors
3.2.1. General
3.2.2. Service accumulation schedule
3.2.2.1. In-service and dynamometer service accumulation
3.2.3. Engine testing
3.2.3.1. Engine stabilisation
3.2.3.2. Service accumulation testing
3.2.4. Reporting
3.2.5. Determination of deterioration factors
3.2.6. Assigned deterioration factors
3.2.7. Application of deterioration factors
3.3. Checking of conformity of production
3.4. Maintenance
3.4.1. Scheduled emission-related maintenance
3.4.2. Changes to scheduled maintenance
3.4.3. Non-emission-related scheduled maintenance
3.5. Repair
4.
4.4. EDP categories
ANNEX IV
1.
1.2. Ambient temperature
2.
2.2. Requirements for base emission control strategy
2.3. Requirements for auxiliary emission control strategy
2.3.4. Cold temperature operation
2.4. Control conditions
2.6. Documentation requirements
3.
4.
Appendix 1
1.
2.
2.1. Required information
2.2. Operating conditions
2.3. Reagent freeze protection
2.3.2. Reagent tank and dosing system
2.3.2.2. Design criteria for a heated system
2.3.3. Activation of the operator warning and inducement system for a non-heated system
2.4. Diagnostic requirements
2.4.2 Requirements for recording Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)
2.4.3. Requirements for erasing Diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs)
2.4.6. NCD engine family
2.4.6.1. Parameters defining an NCD engine family
3.
4.
5.
5.3. Low-level inducement system
5.4. Severe inducement system
6.
6.1. Reagent level indicator
6.2. Activation of the operator warning system
6.3 Activation of the operator inducement system
7.
7.2. Activation of the operator warning system
7.3 Activation of the operator inducement system
8.
8.2. Reagent dosing activity counter
8.3. Activation of the operator warning system
8.4. Activation of the operator inducement system
9.
9.2. Monitoring requirements
9.2.2. EGR valve counter
9.2.3. NCD system counter(s)
9.3. Activation of the operator warning system
9.4. Activation of the operator inducement system
10.
10.1. General
10.2. Engine families and NCD engine families
10.3. Demonstration of the warning system activation
10.3.2. Selection of the failures to be tested
10.3.3. Demonstration
10.3.3.5. Detection of failures other than lack of reagent.
10.3.3.6. Detection in case of lack of reagent availability
10.3.3.7. NCD test cycle
10.4. Demonstration of the inducement system
10.4.5. Demonstration test of the low-level inducement system
10.4.6. Demonstration test of the severe inducement system
11.
11.2. Activation and deactivation mechanisms of the warning system
11.2.2.1 Requirements for erasing ‘NO
11.2.2.1.1. Erasing/resetting ‘NO
11.3. Activation and deactivation mechanism of the operator inducement system
11.4. Counter mechanism
11.4.1. General
11.4.2. Principle of counters mechanism
12.
13.
Appendix 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
Appendix 3
1.
2.
3.
4.
Appendix 4
1.
2.
2.1. Required information
2.2. Operating conditions
2.3. Diagnostic requirements
2.3.2. Requirements for recording Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)
2.3.6. PCD engine family
2.3.6.1. Parameters defining a PCD engine family
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
8.2. Monitoring of loss of the particulate after-treatment system function
8.3. Monitoring of failures of the PCD system
9.
9.1. General
9.2. Engine families and PCD engine families
9.3. Demonstration of the warning system activation
9.3.2. Selection of the failures to be tested
9.3.3. Demonstration
9.3.3.5. Detection of failures
9.3.3.6. PCD test cycle
9.3.3.7 Configuration for demonstration of the warning system activation
ANNEX V
1.
2.
2.1. Control area for engines tested on NRSC cycle C1
2.2. Control area for engines tested on NRSC cycles D2, E2 and G2
2.3. Control area for engines tested on NRSC cycle E3
3.
4.
ANNEX VI
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
5.1. Emissions of gaseous and particulate pollutants and of CO
5.1.1. Equivalency
5.2. General requirements on the test cycles
5.2.5. Test speeds
5.2.5.1. Maximum test speed (MTS)
5.2.5.1.1. Calculation of MTS
5.2.5.1.2. Use of a declared MTS
5.2.5.1.3. Use of an adjusted MTS
5.2.5.2. Rated speed
5.2.5.3. Maximum torque speed for variable-speed engines
5.2.5.4. Intermediate speed
5.2.5.5. Idle speed
5.2.5.6. Test speed for constant-speed engines
5.2.6. Torque and Power
5.2.6.1 Torque
5.2.6.2. Power
6.
6.1. Laboratory test conditions
6.2. Engines with charge-air cooling
6.3. Engine power
6.3.1. Basis for emission measurement
6.3.2. Auxiliaries to be fitted
6.3.3. Auxiliaries to be removed
6.3.4. Determination of auxiliary power
6.3.5. Engine cycle work
6.4. Engine intake air
6.4.1. Introduction
6.4.2. Intake air pressure restriction
6.5. Engine exhaust system
6.6. Engine with exhaust after-treatment system
6.6.1. Continuous regeneration
6.6.2. Infrequent regeneration
6.6.2.1. Requirement for establishing adjustment factors using NRTC, LSI-NRTC or RMC
6.6.2.2. Requirement for establishing adjustment factors using discrete-mode NRSC testing
6.6.2.3. General procedure for developing infrequent regeneration adjustment factors (IRAFs)
6.6.2.4. Application of adjustment factors
6.7. Cooling system
6.8. Lubricating oil
6.9. Specification of the reference fuel
6.10. Crankcase emissions
7. Test procedures
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Principle of emission measurement
7.2.1. Mass of constituent
7.2.1.1. Continuous sampling
7.2.1.2. Batch sampling
7.2.1.3. Combined sampling
7.2.2. Work determination
7.3. Verification and calibration
7.3.1. Pre-test procedures
7.3.1.1. Preconditioning
7.3.1.1.1. Preconditioning for cold-start run of NRTC
7.3.1.1.2. Preconditioning for hot-start run of NRTC or for LSI-NRTC
7.3.1.1.3. Preconditioning for discrete-mode NRSC
7.3.1.1.4. Preconditioning for RMC
7.3.1.1.5. Engine cool-down (NRTC)
7.3.1.2. Verification of HC contamination
7.3.1.3. Preparation of measurement equipment for sampling
7.3.1.4. Calibration of gas analyzers
7.3.1.5. PM filter preconditioning and tare weighing
7.3.2. Post-test procedures
7.3.2.1. Verification of proportional sampling
7.3.2.2. Post-test PM conditioning and weighing
7.3.2.3. Analysis of gaseous batch sampling
7.3.2.4. Drift verification
7.4. Test cycles
7.4.1. Steady-state test cycles
7.4.1.1. Discrete-mode NRSC
7.4.1.2. Ramped modal NRSC
7.4.2. Transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles
7.4.2.1. Test sequence for NRTC
7.4.2.2. Test sequence for LSI-NRTC
7.5. General test sequence
7.5.1. Engine starting, and restarting
7.5.1.1. Engine start
7.5.1.2. Engine stalling
7.5.1.3 Engine operation
7.6. Engine mapping
7.6.1. Engine mapping for variable-speed NRSC
7.6.2. Engine mapping for NRTC and LSI-NRTC
7.6.3. Engine mapping for constant-speed NRSC
7.6.3.1. Rated power check for engines to be tested on cycles D2 or E2
7.6.3.2. Mapping procedure for constant-speed NRSC
7.7. Test cycle generation
7.7.1. Generation of NRSC
7.7.1.1. Generation of NRSC test speeds for engines tested with both NRSC and either NRTC or LSI-NRTC.
7.7.1.2. Generation of NRSC test speeds for engines only tested with NRSC
7.7.1.3. Generation of NRSC load for each test mode
7.7.2. Generation of NRTC & LSI-NRTC speed and load for each test point (denormalization)
7.7.2.1. Reserved
7.7.2.2. Denormalization of engine speed
7.7.2.3 Denormalization of engine torque
(a) Declared minimum torque
(b) Adjustment of engine torque due to auxiliaries fitted for the emissions test
7.7.2.4. Example of denormalization procedure
7.8. Specific test cycle running procedure
7.8.1. Emission test sequence for discrete-mode NRSC
7.8.1.1. Engine warming-up for steady state discrete-mode NRSC
7.8.1.2. Performing discrete-mode NRSC
7.8.1.3. Validation criteria
7.8.2. Emission test sequence for RMC
7.8.2.1. Engine warming-up
7.8.2.2. Performing an RMC
7.8.2.3. Emission test sequence
7.8.2.4. Validation criteria
7.8.3. Transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles
7.8.3.1. Performing an NRTC test
7.8.3.2. Performing an LSI-NRTC test
7.8.3.3. Cycle validation criteria for transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles
7.8.3.4. Calculation of cycle work
7.8.3.5. Validation statistics (see Appendix 2 of Annex VII)
8. Measurement procedures
8.1. Calibration and performance checks
8.1.1. Introduction
8.1.2. Summary of calibration and verification
8.1.3. Verifications for accuracy, repeatability, and noise
8.1.4. Linearity verification
8.1.4.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.4.2. Performance requirements
8.1.4.3. Procedure
8.1.4.4. Reference signals
8.1.4.5. Measurement systems that require linearity verification
8.1.5. Continuous gas analyser system-response and updating-recording verification
8.1.5.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.5.2. Measurement principles
8.1.5.3. System requirements
8.1.5.4. Procedure
8.1.5.5. Performance evaluation
8.1.6. Response time verification for compensation type analysers
8.1.6.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.6.2. Measurement principles
8.1.6.3. System requirements
8.1.6.4. Procedure
8.1.7. Measurement of engine parameters and ambient conditions
8.1.7.1. Torque calibration
8.1.7.1.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.7.1.2. Dead-weight calibration
8.1.7.1.3. Strain gage or proving ring calibration
8.1.7.2. Pressure, temperature, and dew point calibration
8.1.8. Flow-related measurements
8.1.8.1. Fuel flow calibration
8.1.8.2. Intake air flow calibration
8.1.8.3. Exhaust gas flow calibration
8.1.8.4. Diluted exhaust gas flow (CVS) calibration
8.1.8.4.1. Overview
8.1.8.4.2. PDP calibration
8.1.8.4.3. CFV calibration
8.1.8.4.4. SSV calibration
8.1.8.4.5. Ultrasonic calibration (reserved)
8.1.8.5. CVS and batch sampler verification (propane check)
8.1.8.5.1. Introduction
8.1.8.5.2. Method of introducing a known amount of propane into the CVS system
8.1.8.5.3. Preparation of the propane check
8.1.8.5.4. Preparation of the HC sampling system for the propane check
8.1.8.5.5. Propane check performance
8.1.8.5.6. Evaluation of the propane check
8.1.8.5.7. PM secondary dilution system verification
8.1.8.5.8. Sample dryer verification
8.1.8.6. Periodic calibration of the partial flow PM and associated raw exhaust gas measurement systems
8.1.8.6.1. Specifications for differential flow measurement
8.1.8.6.2. Calibration of differential flow measurement
8.1.8.6.3. Special requirements for differential flow measurement
8.1.8.6.3.1. Pre-test check
8.1.8.6.3.2. Determination of the transformation time
8.1.8.7. Vacuum-side leak verification
8.1.8.7.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.8.7.2. Measurement principles
8.1.8.7.3. Low-flow leak test
8.1.8.7.4. Dilution-of-span-gas leak test
8.1.8.7.5. Vacuum-decay leak test
8.1.9. CO and CO
8.1.9.1. H
8.1.9.1.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.9.1.2. Measurement principles
8.1.9.1.3. System requirements
8.1.9.1.4. Procedure
8.1.9.2. H
8.1.9.2.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.9.2.2. Measurement principles
8.1.9.2.3. System requirements
8.1.9.2.4. Procedure
8.1.10. Hydrocarbon measurements
8.1.10.1. FID optimization and verification
8.1.10.1.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.10.1.2. Calibration
8.1.10.1.3. HC FID response optimization
8.1.10.1.4. HC FID CH
8.1.10.1.5. HC FID methane (CH
8.1.10.2. Non-stoichiometric raw exhaust gas FID O
8.1.10.2.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.10.2.2. Measurement principles
8.1.10.2.3. System requirements
8.1.10.2.4. Procedure
8.1.10.3. Non-methane cutter penetration fractions (Reserved)
8.1.11. NO
8.1.11.1. CLD CO
8.1.11.1.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.11.1.2. Measurement principles
8.1.11.1.3. System requirements
8.1.11.1.4. CO
8.1.11.1.5. H
8.1.11.2. CLD quench verification calculations
8.1.11.2.1. Amount of water expected during testing
8.1.11.2.2. Amount of CO
8.1.11.2.3. Combined H
8.1.11.3. NDUV analyzer HC and H
8.1.11.3.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.11.3.2. Measurement principles
8.1.11.3.3. System requirements
8.1.11.3.4. Procedure
8.1.11.4 Sample dryer NO
8.1.11.4.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.11.4.2. Measurement principles
8.1.11.4.3. System requirements
8.1.11.4.4. Procedure
8.1.11.5. NO
8.1.11.5.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.11.5.2. Measurement principles
8.1.11.5.3. System requirements
8.1.11.5.4 Procedure
8.1.12. PM measurements
8.1.12.1. PM balance verifications and weighing process verification
8.1.12.1.1. Scope and frequency
8.1.12.1.2. Independent verification
8.1.12.1.3. Zeroing and spanning
8.1.12.1.4. Reference sample weighing
8.1.12.2. PM sample filter buoyancy correction
8.1.12.2.1. General
8.1.12.2.2. PM sample filter density
8.1.12.2.3. Air density
8.1.12.2.4. Calibration weight density
8.1.12.2.5. Correction calculation
8.2. Instrument validation for test
8.2.1. Validation of proportional flow control for batch sampling and minimum dilution ratio for PM batch sampling
8.2.1.1. Proportionality criteria for CVS
8.2.1.1.1. Proportional flows
8.2.1.1.2. Constant flows
8.2.1.1.3. Demonstration of proportional sampling
8.2.1.2. Partial flow dilution system validation
8.2.2. Gas analyzer range validation, drift validation and drift correction
8.2.2.1. Range validation
8.2.2.1.1. Batch sampling
8.2.2.1.2. Continuous sampling
8.2.2.2. Drift validation and drift correction
8.2.3. PM sampling media (e.g. filters) preconditioning and tare weighing
8.2.3.1. Periodic verifications
8.2.3.2. Visual Inspection
8.2.3.3. Grounding
8.2.3.4. Unused sample media
8.2.3.5. Stabilization
8.2.3.6. Weighing
8.2.3.7. Buoyancy correction
8.2.3.8. Repetition
8.2.3.9. Tare-weighing
8.2.3.10. Substitution weighing
8.2.4. Post-test PM sample conditioning and weighing
8.2.4.1. Periodic verification
8.2.4.2. Removal from sealed containers
8.2.4.3. Electrical grounding
8.2.4.4. Visual inspection
8.2.4.5. Stabilisation of PM samples
8.2.4.6. Determination of post-test filter mass
8.2.4.7. Total mass
9.
9.1. Engine dynamometer specification
9.1.1. Shaft work
9.1.2. Transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles
9.1.3. Engine accessories
9.1.4. Engine fixture and power transmission shaft system (category NRSh)
9.2. Dilution procedure (if applicable)
9.2.1. Diluent conditions and background concentrations
9.2.2. Full flow system
9.2.3. Partial flow dilution (PFD) system
9.2.3.1. Description of partial flow system
9.2.3.2. Dilution
9.2.3.3. Applicability
9.2.3.4. Calibration
9.3. Sampling procedures
9.3.1. General sampling requirements
9.3.1.1. Probe design and construction
9.3.1.1.1. Mixing chamber (category NRSh)
9.3.1.2. Transfer lines
9.3.1.3. Sampling methods
9.3.2. Gas sampling
9.3.2.1. Sampling probes
9.3.2.1.1. Mixing chamber (Category NRSh)
9.3.2.2. Transfer lines
9.3.2.3. Sample-conditioning components
9.3.2.3.1. Sample dryers
9.3.2.3.1.1. Requirements
9.3.2.3.1.2. Type of sample dryers allowed and procedure to estimate moisture content after the dryer
9.3.2.3.2. Sample pumps
9.3.2.3.3. Ammonia scrubbers
9.3.2.4. Sample storage media
9.3.3. PM sampling
9.3.3.1. Sampling probes
9.3.3.2. Transfer lines
9.3.3.3. Pre-classifier
9.3.3.4. Sample filter
9.3.3.4.1. Filter specification
9.3.3.4.2. Filter size
9.3.3.4.3. Dilution and temperature control of PM samples
9.3.3.4.4. Filter face velocity
9.3.3.4.5. Filter holder
9.3.4. PM-stabilization and weighing environments for gravimetric analysis
9.3.4.1. Environment for gravimetric analysis
9.3.4.2. Cleanliness
9.3.4.3. Temperature of the chamber
9.3.4.4. Verification of ambient conditions
9.3.4.5. Installation of balance
9.3.4.6. Static electric charge
9.4. Measurement instruments
9.4.1. Introduction
9.4.1.1. Scope
9.4.1.2. Instrument types
9.4.1.3. Redundant systems
9.4.2. Data recording and control
9.4.3. Performance specifications for measurement instruments
9.4.3.1. Overview
9.4.3.2. Component requirements
9.4.4. Measurement of engine parameters & ambient conditions
9.4.4.1. Speed and torque sensors
9.4.4.1.1. Application
9.4.4.1.2. Shaft work
9.4.4.2. Pressure transducers, temperature sensors, and dew point sensors
9.4.5. Flow-related measurements
9.4.5.1. Fuel flow meter
9.4.5.2. Intake-air flow meter
9.4.5.3. Raw exhaust flow meter
9.4.5.3.1. Component requirements
9.4.5.3.2. Flow meter response time
9.4.5.3.3. Exhaust gas cooling
9.4.5.4. Dilution air and diluted exhaust flow meters
9.4.5.4.1. Application
9.4.5.4.2. Component requirements
9.4.5.4.3. Exhaust gas cooling
9.4.5.5. Sample flow meter for batch sampling
9.4.5.6. Gas divider
9.4.6. CO and CO
9.4.7. Hydrocarbon measurements
9.4.7.1. Flame-ionization detector
9.4.7.1.1. Application
9.4.7.1.2. Component requirements
9.4.7.1.3. FID fuel and burner air
9.4.7.1.4. Reserved
9.4.7.1.5. Reserved
9.4.7.2. Reserved
9.4.8. NO
9.4.8.1. Chemiluminescent detector
9.4.8.1.1. Application
9.4.8.1.2. Component requirements
9.4.8.1.3. NO
9.4.8.1.4. Humidity effects
9.4.8.1.5. Response time
9.4.8.2. Non-dispersive ultraviolet analyzer
9.4.8.2.1. Application
9.4.8.2.2. Component requirements
9.4.8.2.3. NO
9.4.8.2.4. Humidity effects
9.4.9. O
9.4.10. Air-to-fuel ratio measurements
9.4.11. PM measurements with gravimetric balance
9.4.12. Ammonia (NH
9.5. Analytical gases and mass standards
9.5.1. Analytical gases
9.5.1.1. Gas specifications
9.5.1.2. Concentration and expiration date
9.5.1.3. Gas transfer
9.5.2. Mass standards
Appendix 1
1.
1.1. Sampling
1.1.1. Diluent filtration
1.2. Compensating for particle number sample flow — full flow dilution systems
1.3. Compensating for particle number sample flow — partial flow dilution systems
1.3.3. Correction of PM measurement
1.3.4. Proportionality of partial flow dilution sampling
1.3.5. Particle number calculation
2.
2.1. Specification
2.1.1. System overview
2.1.2. General requirements
2.1.3. Specific requirements
2.1.4. Recommended system description
2.1.4.1. Sampling system description
2.1.4.2. Particle transfer system
2.1.4.3. Particle pre-classifier
2.1.4.4. Volatile particle remover (VPR)
2.1.4.4.1. First particle number dilution device (PND
2.1.4.4.2. Evaporation Tube (ET)
2.1.4.4.3. Second particle number dilution device (PND
2.1.4.5. Particle number counter (PNC)
2.2. Calibration/Validation of the particle sampling system
2.2.1. Calibration of the particle number counter
2.2.2. Calibration/Validation of the volatile particle remover
2.2.3. Particle number system check procedures
Appendix 2
Appendix 3
1.
2.
3.
Appendix 4
2.1. Fourier Transform Infrared (hereinafter ‘FTIR’) analyser
2.1.1. Measurement principle
2.1.2. Installation and sampling
2.1.3. Cross interference
2.2. Non Dispersive Ultra Violet Resonance Absorption analyser (hereinafter ‘NDUV’)
2.2.1. Measurement Principle
2.2.2. Installation
2.2.3. Cross Sensitivity
2.3. Laser Infrared analyser
2.3.1. Measurement principle
2.3.2. Installation
2.3.3. Interference verification for NH
2.3.3.1. Scope and frequency
2.3.3.2. Measurement principles for interference verification
3. Emissions test procedure
3.1. Checking the analysers
3.2. Collection of emission relevant data
3.3. Operations after test
3.4. Analyser drift
4. Analyser specification and verification
4.1. Linearity requirements
4.2. Analyser specifications
4.2.1. Minimum detection limit
4.2.2. Accuracy
4.2.3. Zero drift
4.2.4. Span drift
4.2.5. System response time
4.2.6. Rise time
4.2.7. NH
4.2.8. Interference verification procedure
5. Alternative systems
Appendix 5
ANNEX VII
1.
1.1. General symbols
1.2. Subscripts
1.3. Symbols and abbreviations for the chemical components (used also as a subscript)
1.4. Symbols and abbreviations for the fuel composition
2.
2.1. Raw gaseous emissions
2.1.1. Discrete-mode NRSC tests
2.1.2. Transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles and RMC tests
2.1.3. Dry-to-wet concentration conversion
2.1.4. NO
2.1.5. Component specific factor u
2.1.5.1. Tabulated values
2.1.5.2. Calculated values
2.1.6. Mass flow rate of the exhaust gas
2.1.6.1. Air and fuel measurement method
2.1.6.2. Tracer measurement method
2.1.6.3. Air flow and air to fuel ratio measurement method
2.1.6.4. Carbon balance method, 1-step procedure
2.2. Diluted gaseous emissions
2.2.1. Mass of the gaseous emissions
2.2.2. Dry-to-wet concentration conversion
2.2.2.1. Diluted exhaust gas
2.2.2.2. Dilution factor
2.2.2.3. Dilution air
2.2.2.4. Determination of the background corrected concentration
2.2.3. Component specific factor u
2.2.4. Exhaust gas mass flow calculation
2.2.4.1. PDP-CVS system
2.2.4.2. CFV-CVS system
2.2.4.3. SSV-CVS system
2.3. Calculation of particulate emission
2.3.1. Transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles and RMC
2.3.1.1. Partial flow dilution system
2.3.1.1.1. Calculation based on sample ratio
2.3.1.1.2. Calculation based on dilution ratio
2.3.1.2. Full flow dilution system
2.3.1.2.1. Background correction
2.3.2. Calculation for discrete-mode NRSC
2.3.2.1. Dilution system
2.3.2.2. Calculation of the particulate mass flow rate
2.4. Cycle work and specific emissions
2.4.1. Gaseous emissions
2.4.1.1. Transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles and RMC
2.4.1.2. Discrete-mode NRSC
2.4.2. Particulate emissions
2.4.2.1. Transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles and RMC
2.4.2.2. Discrete-mode NRSC
2.4.3. Adjustment for emission controls that are regenerated on an infrequent (periodic) basis
2.4.4. Adjustment for deterioration factor
2.5. Diluted Exhaust Flow (CVS) Calibration and Related Calculations
2.5.1. Positive displacement pump (PDP)
2.5.2. Critical flow venturi (CFV)
2.5.3. Subsonic venturi (SSV)
2.6. Drift Correction
2.6.1. General procedure
2.6.2. Calculation procedure
3.
3.1. Subscripts
3.2. Symbols for chemical balance
3.3. Basic parameters and relationships
3.3.1. Dry air and chemical species
3.3.2. Wet air
3.3.2.1. Vapour pressure of water
3.3.2.2. Dew point
3.3.2.3. Relative humidity
3.3.2.4. Dew point determination from relative humidity and dry bulb temperature
3.3.3. Fuel properties
3.3.3.1. Calculation of carbon mass concentration w
3.3.4. Total HC (THC) concentration initial contamination correction
3.3.5. Flow-weighted mean concentration
3.4. Chemical balances of fuel, intake air, and exhaust gas
3.4.1. General
3.4.2. Procedures that require chemical balances
3.4.3. Chemical balance procedure
3.4.4. NO
3.5. Raw gaseous emissions
3.5.1. Mass of gaseous emissions
3.5.2. Dry-to-wet concentration conversion
3.5.3. Exhaust gas molar flow rate
3.6. Diluted gaseous emissions
3.6.1. Emission mass calculation and background correction
3.6.2. Dry-to wet concentration conversion
3.6.3. Exhaust gas molar flow rate
3.7. Determination of particulates
3.7.1. Sampling
3.7.2. Background correction
3.8. Cycle work and specific emissions
3.8.1. Gaseous emissions
3.8.1.1. Transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles and RMC
3.8.1.2. Discrete-mode NRSC
3.8.2. Particulate emissions
3.8.2.1. Transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles and RMC
3.8.2.2. Discrete-mode NRSC
3.8.3. Adjustment for emission controls that are regenerated on an infrequent (periodic) basis
3.8.4. Adjustment for deterioration factor
3.9. Diluted Exhaust Flow (CVS) Calibration and Related Calculations
3.9.1. Reference meter conversions
3.9.2. PDP calibration calculations
3.9.3. Venturi governing equations and permissible assumptions
3.9.4. SSV calibration
3.9.5. CFV calibration
Appendix 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
Appendix 2
1.
2.
3.
3.1. Based on CO
3.2. Based on CO
4.
4.1. Based on CO
4.2. Based on CO
5.
Appendix 3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Appendix 4
Appendix 5
1.
1.1. Time alignment
1.2. Determination of particle numbers for transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles and RMC with a partial flow dilution system
1.3. Determination of particle numbers for transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles and RMC with a full flow dilution system
1.4. Determination of particle numbers for discrete-mode NRSC with a partial flow dilution system
1.5. Determination of particle numbers for discrete-mode cycles with a full flow dilution system
2.
2.1. Calculation of the specific emissions for transient (NRTC and LSI-NRTC) test cycles and RMC
2.1.1. Weighted average NRTC test result
2.2. Calculation of the specific emissions for discrete-mode NRSC tests
2.3. Rounding of final results
2.4. Determination of particle number background
Appendix 6
1.
2.
ANNEX VIII
1.
2.
3.
3.1. Engines with operator-adjustable control of GER
4.
4.1. Operating modes of dual-fuel engines
4.1.1. Conditions for a dual-fuel engine to operate in liquid mode
4.1.2. Conditions for a dual-fuel engine to idle using liquid fuel exclusively
4.1.3. Conditions for a dual-fuel engine to warm-up or start using liquid fuel solely
4.2. Service mode
4.2.1. Conditions for dual-fuel engines to operate in service mode
4.2.2. Operability restriction in service mode
4.2.2.1. Requirement for engine categories other than IWP, IWA, RLL and RLR
4.2.2.2. Requirement for engine categories IWP, IWA, RLL and RLR
4.2.2.3. Activation of the operability restriction
4.2.2.4. Deactivation of the operability restriction
4.2.3. Unavailability of gaseous fuel when operating in a dual-fuel mode
4.2.3.1. Unavailability of gaseous fuel — empty gaseous fuel tank
4.2.3.2. Unavailability of gaseous fuel — malfunctioning gas supply
4.3. Dual-fuel indicators
4.3.1. Dual-fuel operating mode indicator
4.3.2. Empty gaseous fuel tank warning system (dual-fuel warning system)
4.3.2.1. Characteristics of the dual-fuel warning system
4.4. Communicated torque
4.4.1. Communicated torque when a dual-fuel engine operates in dual-fuel mode
4.4.2. Communicated torque when a dual-fuel engine operates in liquid-fuel mode
4.5. Additional requirements
5.
6.
6.4. Additional demonstration requirements in case of a Type 2 engine
6.5 Additional demonstration requirements in case of an engine with an operator-adjustable GER
6.6. Requirements for demonstrating the durability of a dual-fuel engine
6.7. Demonstration of the dual-fuel indicators, warning and operability restriction
7.
7.2. Additional NO
Appendix 1
1.
1.1. Dual-fuel mode indicator
1.2. Liquid-fuel mode indicator
1.3. Service mode indicator
2.
3.
Appendix 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
7.1. Mass-based emission calculation
7.1.1. Dry/wet correction
7.1.1.1. Raw exhaust gas
7.1.1.2. Diluted exhaust gas
7.1.2. NO
7.1.3. Partial flow dilution (PFS) and raw gaseous measurement
7.1.3.1. Determination of exhaust gas mass flow
7.1.3.2. Determination of the gaseous components
7.1.3.2.1. Mass per test of a gaseous emission
7.1.3.3. Particulate determination
7.1.3.4. Additional requirements regarding the exhaust gas mass flow meter
7.1.4. Full flow dilution measurement (CVS)
7.1.4.1. Determination of the background corrected concentrations (point 5.2.5)
7.1.5. Determination of molar component ratios
7.1.5.1. General
7.1.5.2. Calculation of the fuel mixture components
7.2. Molar-based emission calculation
7.2.1. NO
7.2.2. Determination of exhaust gas mass flow when not using a raw exhaust flow meter
7.2.3. Molar component ratios for determination of the gaseous components
7.2.3.1. Determination of molar component ratios
7.3. CO
7.3.1 CO
Appendix 3
ANNEX IX
1.
1.1. Type: Diesel (non-road gas-oil)
1.2. Type: Ethanol for dedicated compression ignition engines (ED95) (
2.
2.1. Type: Petrol (E10)
2.2. Type: Ethanol (E85)
3.
3.1. Type: LPG
3.2. Type: Natural Gas/ Biomethane
3.2.1. Specification for reference fuels supplied with fixed properties (e.g. from a sealed container)
3.2.2. Specification for reference fuel supplied from a pipeline with admixture of other gases with gas properties determined by on-site measurement
Appendix 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
6.2 Open loop blend control system
6.3 Closed loop blend control system
Appendix 2
1.
2.
Appendix 3
1.
2.
3.
ANNEX X
2.
3.
ANNEX XI
ANNEX XII
ANNEX XIII
ANNEX XIV
ANNEX XV
ANNEX XVI
1.
2.
3.
ANNEX XVII
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Appendix 3
2.4.2.1